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关于ASP.NET数字签名的实例代码如何实现？

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行业动态
2025-03-09
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在ASP.NET中，数字签名通常用于确保数据的完整性和验证发送者的身份。以下是一个简单的示例代码，展示如何在 ASP.NET中使用RSA算法进行数字签名：“

csharp，using System;，using System.Security.Cryptography;，using System.Text;public class DigitalSignatureExample，{， public static void Main()， {， string data = "Hello, World!";， using (RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider())， {， // 生成密钥对， rsa.PersistKeyInCsp = false;， byte[] publicKey = rsa.ExportRSAPublicKey();， byte[] privateKey = rsa.ExportRSAPrivateKey(); // 创建签名， byte[] dataBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);， byte[] signature = rsa.SignData(dataBytes, HashAlgorithmName.SHA256, RSASignaturePadding.Pkcs1); Console.WriteLine("Data: " + data);， Console.WriteLine("Signature: " + Convert.ToBase64String(signature)); // 验证签名， using (RSA rsaVerify = RSA.Create())， {， rsaVerify.ImportRSAPublicKey(publicKey, out _);， bool isValid = rsaVerify.VerifyData(dataBytes, signature, HashAlgorithmName.SHA256, RSASignaturePadding.Pkcs1);， Console.WriteLine("Is signature valid? " + isValid);， }， }， }，}，

“这段代码展示了如何生成RSA密钥对、使用私钥对数据进行签名以及使用公钥验证签名的有效性。

在ASP.NET中实现数字签名，通常涉及到使用非对称加密算法，如RSA或DSA（数字签名算法），以下是一个简单的实例代码，展示了如何在ASP.NET中生成数字签名、验证签名以及随机生成密钥对。

一、页面设计（aspx文件）

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="DigitalSignature.aspx.cs" Inherits="DigitalSignature" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title>数字签名示例</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
        <h3>随机生成密钥对</h3>
        <asp:Button ID="btnCreateKeys" runat="server" Text="生成密钥对" OnClick="btnCreateKeys_Click" />
        <br />
        <asp:Label ID="lblPublicKey" runat="server" Text="公钥：" />
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtPublicKey" runat="server" ReadOnly="true" Width="500px"></asp:TextBox>
        <br />
        <asp:Label ID="lblPrivateKey" runat="server" Text="私钥：" />
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtPrivateKey" runat="server" ReadOnly="true" Width="500px"></asp:TextBox>
        <br /><br />
        <h3>生成签名</h3>
        <asp:Label ID="lblOriginalText" runat="server" Text="原文：" />
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtOriginalText" runat="server" Width="500px"></asp:TextBox>
        <br />
        <asp:Label ID="lblPrivateKeySign" runat="server" Text="选择私钥：" />
        <asp:DropDownList ID="ddlPrivateKeys" runat="server" Width="500px"></asp:DropDownList>
        <br />
        <asp:Button ID="btnSign" runat="server" Text="生成签名" OnClick="btnSign_Click" />
        <br />
        <asp:Label ID="lblSignature" runat="server" Text="签名：" />
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtSignature" runat="server" ReadOnly="true" Width="500px"></asp:TextBox>
        <br /><br />
        <h3>验证签名</h3>
        <asp:Label ID="lblVerifyOriginalText" runat="server" Text="原文：" />
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtVerifyOriginalText" runat="server" Width="500px"></asp:TextBox>
        <br />
        <asp:Label ID="lblVerifyPublicKey" runat="server" Text="选择公钥：" />
        <asp:DropDownList ID="ddlPublicKeys" runat="server" Width="500px"></asp:DropDownList>
        <br />
        <asp:Label ID="lblVerifySignature" runat="server" Text="签名：" />
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtVerifySignature" runat="server" Width="500px"></asp:TextBox>
        <br />
        <asp:Button ID="btnVerify" runat="server" Text="验证签名" OnClick="btnVerify_Click" />
        <br />
        <asp:Label ID="lblVerifyResult" runat="server" Text="验证结果：" ForeColor="Green"></asp:Label>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

二、后台代码（aspx.cs文件）

using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
public partial class DigitalSignature : System.Web.UI.Page
{
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (!IsPostBack)
        {
            // 初始化时加载已有的密钥对（如果有的话）
            LoadKeyPairs();
        }
    }
    private void LoadKeyPairs()
    {
        // 这里只是示例，实际应用中应从安全存储中加载密钥对
        // 假设我们之前已经生成并保存了一些密钥对到某个持久化存储中
        // 这里简单地添加一些示例数据到下拉列表中
        ddlPrivateKeys.Items.Add("私钥1");
        ddlPrivateKeys.Items.Add("私钥2");
        ddlPublicKeys.Items.Add("公钥1");
        ddlPublicKeys.Items.Add("公钥2");
    }
    protected void btnCreateKeys_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        using (RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(2048))
        {
            txtPublicKey.Text = rsa.ToXmlString(false); // 获取公钥
            txtPrivateKey.Text = rsa.ToXmlString(true); // 获取私钥
        }
    }
    protected void btnSign_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (ddlPrivateKeys.SelectedIndex < 0 || string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtOriginalText.Text))
        {
            lblVerifyResult.Text = "请选择私钥并输入原文";
            return;
        }
        using (RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(2048))
        {
            rsa.FromXmlString(ddlPrivateKeys.SelectedItem.Text); // 导入私钥
            byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtOriginalText.Text);
            byte[] signature = rsa.SignData(data, new SHA256CryptoServiceProvider());
            txtSignature.Text = Convert.ToBase64String(signature);
        }
    }
    protected void btnVerify_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (ddlPublicKeys.SelectedIndex < 0 || string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtVerifyOriginalText.Text) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtVerifySignature.Text))
        {
            lblVerifyResult.Text = "请选择公钥、输入原文和签名";
            return;
        }
        try
        {
            using (RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(2048))
            {
                rsa.FromXmlString(ddlPublicKeys.SelectedItem.Text); // 导入公钥
                byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtVerifyOriginalText.Text);
                byte[] signature = Convert.FromBase64String(txtVerifySignature.Text);
                bool isValid = rsa.VerifyData(data, new SHA256CryptoServiceProvider(), signature);
                lblVerifyResult.Text = isValid ? "签名有效" : "签名无效";
                lblVerifyResult.ForeColor = isValid ? System.Drawing.Color.Green : System.Drawing.Color.Red;
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            lblVerifyResult.Text = "验证过程中发生错误：" + ex.Message;
            lblVerifyResult.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
        }
    }
}