在GPU服务器上部署Tomcat是一项高效利用计算资源的实践,尤其适合需要处理高并发请求或结合机器学习模型的应用场景,以下为详细操作指南,涵盖环境准备、安全配置及性能优化要点,确保服务稳定且符合技术规范。
系统更新与组件检查
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y # Ubuntu/Debian sudo yum update -y # CentOS/RHEL
Java环境部署
sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk -y # Ubuntu/Debian sudo yum install java-11-openjdk-devel # CentOS/RHEL
验证安装:
java -version && javac -version
GPU驱动与工具链
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-535 nvidia-utils-535
wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2004/x86_64/cuda-ubuntu2004.pin sudo mv cuda-ubuntu2004.pin /etc/apt/preferences.d/cuda-repository-pin-600 sudo apt-key adv --fetch-keys https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2004/x86_64/7fa2af80.pub sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install cuda-11-8
获取安装包并解压
wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-10/v10.1.24/bin/apache-tomcat-10.1.24.tar.gz tar -xzvf apache-tomcat-10.1.24.tar.gz sudo mv apache-tomcat-10.1.24 /opt/tomcat
配置系统环境变量
创建/opt/tomcat/bin/setenv.sh
:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64 export CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/temp/tomcat.pid export CATALINA_OPTS="-Xms2048m -Xmx4096m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=512m"
赋予执行权限:
chmod +x /opt/tomcat/bin/*.sh
服务账户隔离
sudo groupadd tomcat sudo useradd -s /bin/false -g tomcat -d /opt/tomcat tomcat sudo chown -R tomcat:tomcat /opt/tomcat
SSL证书配置(以Let’s Encrypt为例)
修改/opt/tomcat/conf/server.xml
:
<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" maxThreads="200" SSLEnabled="true"> <SSLHostConfig> <Certificate certificateKeyFile="/etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomain.com/privkey.pem" certificateFile="/etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomain.com/cert.pem" certificateChainFile="/etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomain.com/chain.pem" type="RSA" /> </SSLHostConfig> </Connector>
防火墙策略
sudo ufw allow 8080/tcp # 开发测试端口 sudo ufw allow 8443/tcp # 生产HTTPS端口 sudo ufw enable
JVM参数调优
在setenv.sh
追加:
export CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -Djava.awt.headless=true -XX:+UseG1GC"
启用NVIDIA加速库
sudo apt install nvidia-openjdk-8-jdk
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service
:[Unit] Description=Apache Tomcat 10 After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
User=tomcat
Group=tomcat
ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/opt/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
Restart=on-abnormal
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
启动服务:
```bash
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable --now tomcat
服务状态检查
curl -I http://localhost:8080 # 预期返回HTTP/1.1 200
日志监控
tail -f /opt/tomcat/logs/catalina.out
常见问题处理
netstat -tulnp | grep 8080
sudo restorecon -Rv /opt/tomcat
nvidia-smi
查看设备状态引用来源:
- Apache Tomcat官方文档:https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-10.1-doc/
- NVIDIA CUDA安装指南:https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/
- Let’s Encrypt证书申请:https://letsencrypt.org/docs/