linux如何读系统进行监控
- 行业动态
- 2023-12-26
- 1
系统监控的概念
系统监控是指通过对系统的运行状态、性能指标、资源使用情况等进行实时监测和分析,以便及时发现和解决系统中存在的问题,提高系统的稳定性和可靠性,在Linux系统中,有许多工具可以帮助我们进行系统监控,如top、htop、vmstat、iostat、sar等,本文将介绍如何使用这些工具对Linux系统进行监控。
使用top进行系统监控
1、top命令简介
top命令是Linux系统中一个非常实用的实时进程监控工具,可以实时显示系统中各个进程的资源占用情况,如CPU、内存、磁盘I/O等,通过观察top命令的输出结果,我们可以了解到系统的运行状况,从而对系统进行优化。
2、基本使用方法
在终端中输入top命令,即可进入top界面,在top界面中,可以看到系统中各个进程的资源占用情况,如下所示:
top 17:34:06 up 1 day, 3:30, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
Tasks: 244 total, 1 running, 243 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.3 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,99.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
MiB Mem : 1024.0 total, 816.7 free, 175.3 used, 866.0 buff/cache
MiB Swap: 2048.0 total, 2048.0 free, 0.0 used. 2568.4 avail Mem
3、top命令选项说明
-d:设置刷新间隔时间,单位为秒。top -d 5表示每隔5秒刷新一次。
-p:指定要监控的进程ID。top -p 1234表示只监控进程ID为1234的进程。
-u:指定要监控的用户。top -u root表示只监控root用户的进程。
-n:设置top命令的运行次数。top -n 5表示运行5次后退出。
-H:显示线程信息。top -H表示显示线程信息而不是进程信息。
-b:批处理模式。top -b表示以批处理模式运行top命令。
使用htop进行系统监控
1、htop简介
htop是top命令的一个增强版,它提供了更加丰富的功能和更友好的界面,与top相比,htop支持鼠标操作,可以更加方便地查看和分析系统信息。
2、htop使用方法
在终端中输入htop命令,即可进入htop界面,在htop界面中,可以看到系统中各个进程的资源占用情况,如下所示:
htop [17:34:06] up 1 day, 3 hours, 4 users, load average: min/avg/max = 0.00/0.02/0.05
Top 1 processes by CPU usage:
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three twenty-four twenty-five twenty-six twenty-seven twenty-eight twenty-nine thirty thirty-one thirty-two thirty-three thirty-four thirty-five thirty-six thirty-seven thirty-eight thirty-nine forty forty-one forty-two forty-three forty-four forty-five forty-six forty-seven forty-eight forty-nine fifty fifty-one fifty-two fifty-three fifty-four fifty-five fifty-six fifty-seven fifty-eight fifty-nine sixty 总计 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 总计 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll 总计 ]
Processes: %Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni, %id, %wa, %hi, %si, %st, %di, %pi, %rt[%T], %Pc Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us, %sy, %ni Name: ID State: Pid User: CPU Cpu(s): %us
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