在Ubuntu中怎么安装Mapnik工具包以便开发Gis应用程序
- 行业动态
- 2023-12-21
- 1
在Ubuntu中安装Mapnik工具包以便开发Gis应用程序
Mapnik是一个开源的、可扩展的、高效的地图渲染引擎,它使用C++编写,可以用于开发各种类型的地理信息系统(GIS)应用程序,本文将介绍如何在Ubuntu系统中安装Mapnik工具包,以便进行GIS应用程序的开发。
1、更新系统软件包
在开始安装Mapnik之前,首先需要更新系统软件包,打开终端,输入以下命令:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade
2、安装依赖软件包
Mapnik依赖于一些其他的软件包,如GDAL、PostgreSQL等,在终端中输入以下命令来安装这些依赖软件包:
sudo apt-get install gdal-bin postgresql postgresql-contrib libmapnik mapnik-utils python-psycopg2
3、下载并编译Mapnik
从Mapnik官方网站下载最新版本的源代码包,然后解压缩到合适的目录,将其解压缩到/opt目录下:
cd /opt wget http://mapnik.org/download.html tar xvf mapnik-2.3.0.tar.bz2
接下来,进入解压后的目录,创建一个构建目录并进入:
cd mapnik-2.3.0 mkdir build && cd build
运行cmake命令来配置构建选项:
cmake .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -DWITH_POSTGIS=ON -DWITH_SOS=ON -DWITH_FONTCONFIG=ON -DWITH_FRIBIDI=ON -DWITH_PROJ=ON -DWITH_GEOIP=ON -DWITH_PDF=OFF -DWITH_SVG=OFF -DWITH_TILED=OFF -DWITH_RASTER=ON -DWITH_PLUGIN_WMS=ON -DWITH_PLUGIN_WFS=ON -DWITH_PLUGIN_WCS=ON -DWITH_PLUGIN_PG=ON -DWITH_PLUGIN_SOS=ON -DWITH_PLUGIN_ECW=ON -DWITH_PLUGIN_DNF=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_MBTILES=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_CARTO=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_OGR=ON -DWITH_PLUGIN_SQLITE3=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_ODBC=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_GEOJSON=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_GNUTLS=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_ICU=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_AGG=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_RENDERER_GL=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_RENDERER_SDL=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_RENDERER_SVG=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_RENDERER_CACI =OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_RENDERER_2D=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_RENDERER_PDF=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_RENDERER_SOFTWARE=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_RENDERER_OPENGL=OFF -DWITH_PLUGIN_RENDERER_RASTER=ON -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF
接下来,运行make和make install命令来编译和安装Mapnik:
make && sudo make install
4、配置环境变量
为了能够在Python中使用Mapnik,还需要配置环境变量,编辑~/.bashrc文件,添加以下内容:
export MAPNIK_CONFIG="/usr/local/etc/mapnik" export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mapnik/bin
保存文件后,运行以下命令使更改生效:
source ~/.bashrc
至此,Mapnik工具包已经在Ubuntu系统中安装完成,可以开始进行GIS应用程序的开发了。
相关问题与解答:
1、Mapnik支持哪些编程语言?
答:Mapnik支持多种编程语言,包括C++、Python、Ruby、Java等,在Ubuntu系统中,主要使用Python进行Mapnik的开发。
2、如何卸载Mapnik?
答:可以使用以下命令卸载Mapnik:
sudo apt-get remove --purge mapnik-utils mapnik-input-plugin-ogr mapnik-input-plugin-gdal mapnik-input-plugin-postgis mapnik-input-plugin-shapefile mapnik-input-plugin-svg mapnik-input-plugin-pdf mapnik-input-plugin-mbtiles mapnik-input-plugin-wms mapnik-input-plugin-wfs mapnik-input-plugin-wcs mapnik-input-plugin-pg mapnik-input-plugin-sos mapnik-input-plugin-ecw mapnik-input-plugin-DNF mapnik-input-plugin-carto mapnik-input-plugin-ogr mapnik2 python-mapnik mapnik2-dev python3-mapnik python3-mapnik2 mapnik2-doc python3-mapnik2-doc libmapnik2 libmapnik2-dev libmapnik20 libmapnik20-dev libmapnikcpp1 libmapnikcpp1-dev libmapnik21 libmapnik21-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools python3-wheel python3-mapnik2.3 python3-mapnik2.3-dev python3-mapnik2.3cgi python3-mapnik2.3cgi-dev python3-mapnik2.3dev python3-mapnik2.3devel python3-mapnik2.3gis python3-mapnik2.3gisdev python3-mapnik2.3gisdevel python3-mapnik2.3postgis python3-mapnik2.3postgisdev python3-mapnik2.3postgisdevel python3-mapnik2.3sqlite python3-mapnik2.3sqlitedev python3-mapnik2.3sqlitedevel python3-mapnik2.3wms python3-mapnik2.3wmsdev python3-mapnik2.3wmsdevel python3-mapnik2.3wmts python3-mapnik2.3wmtsdev python3-mapnik2.3wmtsdevel python3-mapnik2.3wmsxml python3-mapnik2.3wmsxmldev python3-mapnik2.3wmsxmldevel python3-mapnik2.3wfs python3-mapnik2.3wfsdev python3-mapnik2.3wfsdevel python3-mapnik2.3wcs python3-mapnik2.3wcsdev python3-mapnik2.3wcsdevel python3-mapnik2.3ogr python3-mapnik2.3ogrdev python3-mapnik2.3ogrdevel python3
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