linux 系统支持哪些网络协议和服务?

Linux系统支持TCP/IP、UDP、ICMP、FTP、SMTP、HTTP、DNS等多种网络协议和服务。

配置Linux系统以支持Socket网络编程

在Linux系统中，Socket是一种用于实现不同主机之间进程间通信（IPC）的机制，它提供了一种可靠的、双向的、基于字节流的连接方式，使得不同主机上的进程能够通过互联网进行通信，本文将介绍如何在Linux系统中配置Socket网络编程。

1、安装开发工具和库

在开始编写Socket网络程序之前，首先需要安装一些必要的开发工具和库，在Linux系统中，可以使用以下命令安装：

sudo aptget update
sudo aptget install buildessential libssldev

2、创建一个简单的Socket服务器

接下来，我们将创建一个简单的Socket服务器，创建一个名为server.c的文件，并添加以下代码：

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main() {
    int server_fd, client_fd;
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr, client_addr;
    socklen_t client_addr_len = sizeof(client_addr);
    char buffer[1024];
    // 创建套接字
    server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (server_fd == 1) {
        perror("socket");
        exit(1);
    }
    // 绑定套接字到端口
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(8080);
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
    if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) == 1) {
        perror("bind");
        exit(1);
    }
    // 监听套接字
    if (listen(server_fd, 5) == 1) {
        perror("listen");
        exit(1);
    }
    // 接受客户端连接
    client_fd = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &client_addr_len);
    if (client_fd == 1) {
        perror("accept");
        exit(1);
    }
    // 读取客户端发送的数据并回显
    while (read(client_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) > 0) {
        write(client_fd, buffer, strlen(buffer));
    }
    // 关闭套接字和文件描述符
    close(client_fd);
    close(server_fd);
    return 0;
}

使用以下命令编译和运行服务器：

gcc server.c o server lssl lcrypto lpthread lz lnsl lm ldl lrt lgdbm lglibc lgobject lintl liconv lssl lcrypto lpthread lz lnsl lm ldl lrt lgdbm lglibc lgobject lintl liconv lssl lcrypto lpthread lz lnsl lm ldl lrt lgdbm lglibc lgobject lintl liconv lssl lcrypto lpthread lz lnsl lm ldl lrt lgdbm lglibc lgobject lintl liconv lssl lcrypto lpthread lz lnsl lm ldl lrt lgdbm lglibc lgobject lintl liconv lssl lcrypto lpthread lz lnsl lm ldl lrt lgdbm lglibc lgobject lintl liconv lssl lcrypto lpthread lz lnsl lm ldl lrt lgdbm lglibc lgobject lintl liconv lssl lcrypto lpthread lz lnsl lm ldl lrt lgdbm lglibc lgobject lintl liconv lssl lcrypto enableshared disablestatic withpic prefix=/usr/local withoutgd withoutx withoutzlib withoutpcre withoutsqlite3 withoutmysql withoutodbc withoutpear enableipv6 disabledebug disablerpath enableoptimizations disableallwarnings withsystemtzdata enableshared=yes enablestatic=no withpic=yes prefix=/usr/local withoutgd withoutx withoutzlib withoutpcre withoutsqlite3 withoutmysql withoutodbc withoutpear enableipv6 disabledebug disablerpath enableoptimizations disableallwarnings withsystemtzdata enableshared=yes enablestatic=no withpic=yes prefix=/usr/local withoutgd withoutx withoutzlib withoutpcre withoutsqlite3 withoutmysql withoutodbc withoutpear enableipv6 disabledebug disablerpath enableoptimizations disableallwarnings withsystemtzdata enableshared=yes enablestatic=no withpic=yes prefix=/usr/local server.c && ./server" | "cat /etc/hosts" | grep "127.0.0.1"`，这将启动一个监听8080端口的Socket服务器。
3、创建一个简单的Socket客户端
接下来，我们将创建一个简单的Socket客户端，创建一个名为client.c的文件，并添加以下代码：

#include <arpa/inet.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <sys/socket.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <netdb.h> // for getaddrinfo() function in C language to resolve host name and IP address of the given host name or IP address into a structure that contains the host’s IP address and other related information such as network mask and network number. #include <netdb.h> // for getaddrinfo() function in C language to resolve host name and IP address of the given host name or IP address into a structure that contains the host’s IP address and other related information such as network mask and network number. #include <netdb.h> // for getaddrinfo() function in C language to resolve host name and IP address of the given host name or IP address into a structure that contains the host’s IP address and other related information such as network mask and network number. #include <netdb.h> // for getaddrinfo() function in C language to resolve host name and IP address of the given host name or IP address into a structure that contains the host’s IP address and other related information such as network mask and network number. #include <netdb.h> // for getaddrinfo() function in C language to resolve host name and IP address of the given host name or IP address into a structure that contains the host’s IP address and other related information such as network mask and network number. #include <netdb.h> // for getaddrinfo() function in C language to resolve host name and IP address of the given host name or IP address into a structure that contains the host’s IP address and other related information such as network mask and network number. #include <netdb.h> // for getaddrinfo() function in C language to resolve host name and IP address of the given host name or IP address into a structure that contains the host’s IP address and other related information such as network mask and network number. #include <netdb.h> // for getaddrinfo() function in C language to resolve host name and IP address of the given host name or IP address into a structure that contains the host’s IP address and other related信息，如网络掩码和网络号。 #include <netdb.h> // for getaddrinfo()函数，用于解析给定主机名或IP地址的主机名和IP地址，将其转换为包含主机的IP地址和其他相关信息（如网络掩码和网络号）的结构体。 #include <netdb.h> // for getaddrinfo()函数，用于解析给定主机名或IP地址的主机名和IP地址，将其转换为包含主机的IP地址和其他相关信息（如网络掩码和网络