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监控系统看这一篇就够了!Zabbix、Prometheus等常见监控教程

Zabbix、Prometheus等常见监控教程,让你轻松掌握监控系统的搭建与应用。从基础概念到实战操作,一篇文章搞定!

监控系统看这一篇就够了!Zabbix、Prometheus等常见监控教程

在现代的IT环境中,监控系统是不可或缺的一部分,它们可以帮助我们实时了解系统的运行状态,及时发现和解决问题,保证系统的稳定运行,本文将介绍两种常见的监控系统:Zabbix和Prometheus,包括它们的安装、配置和使用等内容。

Zabbix监控系统

1、Zabbix简介

Zabbix是一个开源的网络监控工具,可以监控各种网络参数,保证服务器系统的安全运行,它可以监控网络设备、服务器、虚拟机等各种资源,提供图形化的报表,支持多种通知方式。

2、Zabbix的安装

Zabbix的安装主要包括安装Zabbix Server、Zabbix Proxy和Zabbix Agent三个部分。

(1)安装Zabbix Server

我们需要在服务器上安装Zabbix Server,在Ubuntu系统中,可以通过以下命令进行安装:

sudo aptget update
sudo aptget install zabbixservermysql zabbixfrontendphp

(2)安装Zabbix Proxy

Zabbix Proxy是一个中间代理,用于收集来自Zabbix Agent的数据,在Ubuntu系统中,可以通过以下命令进行安装:

sudo aptget install zabbixproxymysql

(3)安装Zabbix Agent

Zabbix Agent是一个守护进程,用于收集本地主机的数据,在Ubuntu系统中,可以通过以下命令进行安装:

sudo aptget install zabbixagent

3、Zabbix的配置

Zabbix的配置主要包括配置Zabbix Server、Zabbix Proxy和Zabbix Agent。

(1)配置Zabbix Server

我们需要配置Zabbix Server的数据库,在MySQL中创建一个名为zabbix的数据库,并授权给zabbix用户,编辑Zabbix Server的配置文件/etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf,设置数据库的连接信息,重启Zabbix Server。

(2)配置Zabbix Proxy

编辑Zabbix Proxy的配置文件/etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf,设置数据库的连接信息,重启Zabbix Proxy。

(3)配置Zabbix Agent

编辑Zabbix Agent的配置文件/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf,设置Server和Proxy的地址,重启Zabbix Agent。

Prometheus监控系统

1、Prometheus简介

Prometheus是一个开源的系统监控和警报工具包,它的设计目标是处理大规模的服务和系统监控,Prometheus的主要特性包括多维数据模型、灵活的查询语言和高效的存储策略。

2、Prometheus的安装

Prometheus的安装主要包括下载和解压Prometheus、配置Prometheus和启动Prometheus三个步骤。

(1)下载和解压Prometheus

从Prometheus的官方网站下载最新的版本,然后解压到合适的目录。

wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.30.3/prometheus2.30.3.linuxamd64.tar.gz
tar xvfz prometheus2.30.3.linuxamd64.tar.gz
cd prometheus2.30.3.linuxamd64

(2)配置Prometheus

编辑Prometheus的配置文件prometheus.yml,设置数据存储的位置和采集的目标。

global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
alerting:
  alertmanagers: [] # Alertmanager configurations. There must be at least one alertmanager config present.   # alertmanager:9093 # If global alertmanager section is not specified, this value will be used as default   # See "Alerting" section for more details on alert manager configuration options.    # scrape_configs:     # By default, Prometheus will scrape itself, as well as any targets in the same job that you have specified in your configuration file (see scrape_configs).    # Job name is added as a label job=<rule_name to any timeseries scraped from this job.    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'    # scheme defaults to 'http'.      # static_configs:     # targets: ['localhost:9090']   # labels:       #      region: 'useast1'    #      group: 'test'    # Here are some additional scrape configuration examples:    # job_name: 'prometheus'   # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'    # scheme defaults to 'http'    # static_configs:     # targets: ['localhost:9090']     # labels:       # region: 'useast1'        # group: 'test'    # job_name: 'node_exporter'   # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'    # scheme defaults to 'http'    # static_configs:     # targets: ['localhost:9100']     # labels:       # region: 'useast1'        # group: 'test'    # job_name: 'cadvisor'   # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'    # scheme defaults to 'http'    # static_configs:     # targets: ['localhost:8080']     # labels:       # region: 'useast1'        # group: 'test'    # job_name: 'blackbox'   # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'    # scheme defaults to 'http'    # static_configs:     # targets: ['localhost:9115']     # labels:       # region: 'useast1'        # group: 'test'    # relabel_configs: # Relabel configs to be applied to samples before ingestion into the database.    # Below are some example rule configurations to relabel data for Prometheus. See full documentation for available relabeling options and syntax of relabeling expressions in Prometheus configuration files.    # relabel_configs:     # source_labels: [__address__]     # target_label: instance # replace '__address__' with actual source label(s)    # action: keep     # Other Prometheus configuration options can be found here
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