监控系统看这一篇就够了!Zabbix、Prometheus等常见监控教程
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Zabbix、Prometheus等常见监控教程,让你轻松掌握监控系统的搭建与应用。从基础概念到实战操作,一篇文章搞定!
监控系统看这一篇就够了!Zabbix、Prometheus等常见监控教程
在现代的IT环境中,监控系统是不可或缺的一部分,它们可以帮助我们实时了解系统的运行状态,及时发现和解决问题,保证系统的稳定运行,本文将介绍两种常见的监控系统:Zabbix和Prometheus,包括它们的安装、配置和使用等内容。
Zabbix监控系统
1、Zabbix简介
Zabbix是一个开源的网络监控工具,可以监控各种网络参数,保证服务器系统的安全运行,它可以监控网络设备、服务器、虚拟机等各种资源,提供图形化的报表,支持多种通知方式。
2、Zabbix的安装
Zabbix的安装主要包括安装Zabbix Server、Zabbix Proxy和Zabbix Agent三个部分。
(1)安装Zabbix Server
我们需要在服务器上安装Zabbix Server,在Ubuntu系统中,可以通过以下命令进行安装:
sudo aptget update sudo aptget install zabbixservermysql zabbixfrontendphp
(2)安装Zabbix Proxy
Zabbix Proxy是一个中间代理,用于收集来自Zabbix Agent的数据,在Ubuntu系统中,可以通过以下命令进行安装:
sudo aptget install zabbixproxymysql
(3)安装Zabbix Agent
Zabbix Agent是一个守护进程,用于收集本地主机的数据,在Ubuntu系统中,可以通过以下命令进行安装:
sudo aptget install zabbixagent
3、Zabbix的配置
Zabbix的配置主要包括配置Zabbix Server、Zabbix Proxy和Zabbix Agent。
(1)配置Zabbix Server
我们需要配置Zabbix Server的数据库,在MySQL中创建一个名为zabbix的数据库,并授权给zabbix用户,编辑Zabbix Server的配置文件/etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf,设置数据库的连接信息,重启Zabbix Server。
(2)配置Zabbix Proxy
编辑Zabbix Proxy的配置文件/etc/zabbix/zabbix_proxy.conf,设置数据库的连接信息,重启Zabbix Proxy。
(3)配置Zabbix Agent
编辑Zabbix Agent的配置文件/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf,设置Server和Proxy的地址,重启Zabbix Agent。
Prometheus监控系统
1、Prometheus简介
Prometheus是一个开源的系统监控和警报工具包,它的设计目标是处理大规模的服务和系统监控,Prometheus的主要特性包括多维数据模型、灵活的查询语言和高效的存储策略。
2、Prometheus的安装
Prometheus的安装主要包括下载和解压Prometheus、配置Prometheus和启动Prometheus三个步骤。
(1)下载和解压Prometheus
从Prometheus的官方网站下载最新的版本,然后解压到合适的目录。
wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.30.3/prometheus2.30.3.linuxamd64.tar.gz tar xvfz prometheus2.30.3.linuxamd64.tar.gz cd prometheus2.30.3.linuxamd64
(2)配置Prometheus
编辑Prometheus的配置文件prometheus.yml,设置数据存储的位置和采集的目标。
global: scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute. evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute. alerting: alertmanagers: [] # Alertmanager configurations. There must be at least one alertmanager config present. # alertmanager:9093 # If global alertmanager section is not specified, this value will be used as default # See "Alerting" section for more details on alert manager configuration options. # scrape_configs: # By default, Prometheus will scrape itself, as well as any targets in the same job that you have specified in your configuration file (see scrape_configs). # Job name is added as a label job=<rule_name to any timeseries scraped from this job. # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http'. # static_configs: # targets: ['localhost:9090'] # labels: # region: 'useast1' # group: 'test' # Here are some additional scrape configuration examples: # job_name: 'prometheus' # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http' # static_configs: # targets: ['localhost:9090'] # labels: # region: 'useast1' # group: 'test' # job_name: 'node_exporter' # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http' # static_configs: # targets: ['localhost:9100'] # labels: # region: 'useast1' # group: 'test' # job_name: 'cadvisor' # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http' # static_configs: # targets: ['localhost:8080'] # labels: # region: 'useast1' # group: 'test' # job_name: 'blackbox' # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http' # static_configs: # targets: ['localhost:9115'] # labels: # region: 'useast1' # group: 'test' # relabel_configs: # Relabel configs to be applied to samples before ingestion into the database. # Below are some example rule configurations to relabel data for Prometheus. See full documentation for available relabeling options and syntax of relabeling expressions in Prometheus configuration files. # relabel_configs: # source_labels: [__address__] # target_label: instance # replace '__address__' with actual source label(s) # action: keep # Other Prometheus configuration options can be found here
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