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Android自动拍照并上传至服务器，如何实现？

admin
行业动态
2025-03-04
3

Android 自动拍照并上传到服务器，需调用相机 API 获取照片后用网络库上传。

一、准备工作

1、权限申请：在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加相机权限和网络权限，以便应用能够访问相机硬件和连接网络进行数据传输。

   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

2、创建布局文件：设计一个简单的用户界面，包含一个按钮用于触发拍照操作，以及一个ImageView用于显示拍摄的照片。

   <!-res/layout/activity_main.xml -->
   <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
       android:layout_width="match_parent"
       android:layout_height="match_parent">
       <Button
           android:id="@+id/btnCapturePicture"
           android:layout_width="wrap_content"
           android:layout_height="wrap_content"
           android:text="Capture Picture"
           android:layout_centerInParent="true"/>
       <ImageView
           android:id="@+id/imgPreview"
           android:layout_width="match_parent"
           android:layout_height="match_parent"
           android:layout_below="@id/btnCapturePicture"/>
   </RelativeLayout>

二、编写Java代码

1、启动相机应用：当用户点击按钮时，通过Intent启动系统相机应用，并请求相机应用返回拍摄的照片数据。

   // MainActivity.java
   import android.app.Activity;
   import android.content.Intent;
   import android.graphics.Bitmap;
   import android.net.Uri;
   import android.os.Bundle;
   import android.provider.MediaStore;
   import android.widget.Button;
   import android.widget.ImageView;
   import java.io.IOException;
   import okhttp3.Call;
   import okhttp3.Callback;
   import okhttp3.MediaType;
   import okhttp3.MultipartBody;
   import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
   import okhttp3.RequestBody;
   import okhttp3.Response;
   public class MainActivity extends Activity {
       private static final int REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE = 1;
       private ImageView imageView;
       private Uri photoURI;
       @Override
       protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
           super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
           setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
           imageView = findViewById(R.id.imgPreview);
           Button captureButton = findViewById(R.id.btnCapturePicture);
           captureButton.setOnClickListener(v -> dispatchTakePictureIntent());
       }
       private void dispatchTakePictureIntent() {
           Intent takePictureIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
           if (takePictureIntent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
               startActivityForResult(takePictureIntent, REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
           }
       }
       @Override
       protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
           super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
           if (requestCode == REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
               Bundle extras = data.getExtras();
               Bitmap imageBitmap = (Bitmap) extras.get("data");
               imageView.setImageBitmap(imageBitmap);
               photoURI = getImageUri(this, imageBitmap);
               uploadImageToServer(photoURI);
           }
       }
       private Uri getImageUri(Context inContext, Bitmap inImage) {
           ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
           inImage.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bytes);
           String path = MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(inContext.getContentResolver(), inImage, "Title", null);
           return Uri.parse(path);
       }
   }

2、上传照片到服务器：使用OkHttp库将拍摄的照片上传到服务器，需要将照片转换为字节数组，然后创建一个MultipartBody对象，最后通过OkHttpClient发送POST请求。

   private void uploadImageToServer(Uri photoUri) {
       OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
       RequestBody fileBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/"), new File(photoUri.getPath()));
       MultipartBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder()
           .setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
           .addFormDataPart("image", "profile.png", fileBody)
           .build();
       Request request = new Request.Builder()
           .url("https://yourserver.com/upload")
           .post(requestBody)
           .build();
       client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
           @Override
           public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
           @Override
           public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
               if (response.isSuccessful()) {
                   runOnUiThread(() -> Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Upload successful", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show());
               } else {
                   runOnUiThread(() -> Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Upload failed", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show());
               }
           }
       });
   }