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html如何写一个计算器
- 行业动态
- 2024-03-27
- 1
要创建一个HTML计算器,你需要使用HTML、CSS和JavaScript,以下是详细步骤:
1、创建HTML结构
我们需要创建一个包含输入框和按钮的HTML结构,这将是计算器的界面。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=devicewidth, initialscale=1.0"> <title>简易计算器</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> </head> <body> <div class="calculator"> <input type="text" class="display" readonly> <div class="buttons"> <button onclick="clearDisplay()">C</button> <button onclick="appendNumber(7)">7</button> <button onclick="appendNumber(8)">8</button> <button onclick="appendNumber(9)">9</button> <button onclick="appendOperator('+')">+</button> <button onclick="appendNumber(4)">4</button> <button onclick="appendNumber(5)">5</button> <button onclick="appendNumber(6)">6</button> <button onclick="appendOperator('')"></button> <button onclick="appendNumber(1)">1</button> <button onclick="appendNumber(2)">2</button> <button onclick="appendNumber(3)">3</button> <button onclick="appendOperator('*')">*</button> <button onclick="appendNumber(0)">0</button> <button onclick="appendOperator('.')">.</button> <button onclick="calculateResult()">=</button> <button onclick="appendOperator('/')">/</button> </div> </div> <script src="scripts.js"></script> </body> </html>
2、编写CSS样式
接下来,我们需要为计算器添加一些样式,在styles.css
文件中添加以下代码:
body { display: flex; justifycontent: center; alignitems: center; height: 100vh; margin: 0; fontfamily: Arial, sansserif; } .calculator { border: 1px solid #ccc; borderradius: 5px; padding: 1rem; backgroundcolor: #f0f0f0; } .display { width: 100%; marginbottom: 0.5rem; textalign: right; } .buttons { display: grid; gridtemplatecolumns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: 0.5rem; } button { border: none; backgroundcolor: #fff; fontsize: 1.2rem; padding: 0.5rem; borderradius: 5px; cursor: pointer; } button:hover { backgroundcolor: #eee; }
3、编写JavaScript代码
我们需要编写JavaScript代码来处理计算器的功能,在scripts.js
文件中添加以下代码:
const display = document.querySelector('.display'); let currentInput = ''; let operator = null; let firstOperand = ''; let waitingForSecondOperand = false; function appendNumber(number) { if (waitingForSecondOperand === true) { display.value = number; waitingForSecondOperand = false; } else { display.value = display.value === '0' ? number : display.value + number; } currentInput += number; } function appendOperator(op) { if (operator !== null) calculateResult(); firstOperand = currentInput; operator = op; waitingForSecondOperand = true; } function clearDisplay() { display.value = '0'; currentInput = ''; operator = null; firstOperand = ''; waitingForSecondOperand = false; } function calculateResult() { let result; switch (operator) { case '+': result = parseFloat(firstOperand) + parseFloat(currentInput); break; case '': result = parseFloat(firstOperand) parseFloat(currentInput); break; case '*': result = parseFloat(firstOperand) * parseFloat(currentInput); break; case '/': result = parseFloat(firstOperand) / parseFloat(currentInput); break; default: return; } display.value = result; currentInput = result.toString(); operator = null; waitingForSecondOperand = true; }
现在,你可以在浏览器中打开HTML文件,看到一个简易的计算器,你可以点击数字和操作符进行计算。
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